{"id":1639,"date":"2022-02-28T12:30:00","date_gmt":"2022-02-28T18:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/linuxhostsupport.com\/blog\/?p=1639"},"modified":"2023-02-01T05:22:39","modified_gmt":"2023-02-01T11:22:39","slug":"how-to-install-drupal-9-cms-on-ubuntu-20-04","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/linuxhostsupport.com\/blog\/how-to-install-drupal-9-cms-on-ubuntu-20-04\/","title":{"rendered":"How To Install Drupal 9 CMS on Ubuntu 20.04"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div id=\"linux-790002557\" class=\"linux-before-1st-paragraph linux-entity-placement\" style=\"margin-top: 15px;margin-bottom: 15px;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/managed-vps-hosting\/?mtm_campaign=blogs&#038;mtm_source=lhs&#038;mtm_medium=blog&#038;mtm_content=managed-vps&#038;mtm_cid=1339&#038;mtm_placement=inline\" aria-label=\"Untitled\"><img src=\"https:\/\/linuxhostsupport.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/1340090_NVMeGoogleAds_728x90_041322.jpg\" alt=\"\"  srcset=\"https:\/\/linuxhostsupport.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/1340090_NVMeGoogleAds_728x90_041322.jpg 728w, https:\/\/linuxhostsupport.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/1340090_NVMeGoogleAds_728x90_041322-300x37.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 728px) 100vw, 728px\" width=\"728\" height=\"90\"  style=\"display: inline-block;\" \/><\/a><\/div><p>Drupal is open-source software that has many features, like easy content authoring, reliable performance, and excellent security. With Drupal tools, you can build the versatile, structured content that dynamic web experiences need. As an open-source web content management system (CMS) written in PHP, it is a great alternative to another CSM like WordPress or Joomla. In this tutorial, we will show you how to install Drupal 9 on Ubuntu 20.04 (Focal Fossa).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--more-->\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-prerequisites\">Prerequisites<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Ubuntu 20.04<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>root SSH access or a regular user with sudo privileges<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. Log in via SSH and update the system<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Log in to your Ubuntu 20.04 VPS with SSH as a root user or as a regular user with sudo privileges<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">ssh master@IP_Address -p Port_number<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Remember to replace <strong>IP_Address<\/strong> and <strong>Port_Number<\/strong> with your server\u2019s actual IP address and SSH port number respectively.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>You can check whether you have the proper Ubuntu version installed on your server with the following command:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">$ lsb_release -a<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>You should get this output:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">No LSB modules are available.<br>Distributor ID: Ubuntu<br>Description: Ubuntu 20.04.3 LTS<br>Release: 20.04<br>Codename: focal<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Then, run the following command to make sure that all installed packages on the server are updated to the latest available version<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">$ sudo apt update &amp;&amp; sudo apt upgrade<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. Install and Configure Web server<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Drupal 9 supports many webservers, like Apache, nginx, LiteSpeed, even Microsoft IIS. In this tutorial, we will show you how to install Drupal 9 using apache or nginx on your Ubuntu 20.04. Drupal will be installed in directory \/var\/www\/html\/drupal. For this purpose, we need to create the directory.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">$ sudo mkdir \/var\/www\/html\/drupal<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">a. apache<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>If you want to use Apache, run this command to install it from the repository.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">$ sudo apt install apache2<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Once installed, Apache will run and we can start creating a virtual host.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">$ sudo nano \/etc\/apache2\/sites-available\/drupal.conf<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Paste the following in to \/etc\/apache2\/sites-available\/drupal.conf file.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">&lt;VirtualHost *:80&gt;\n     ServerName drupal.rosehosting.com\n     ServerAlias drupal.rosehosting.com\n     ServerAdmin admin@otodiginet.com\n     DocumentRoot \/var\/www\/html\/drupal\/\n\n     CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}\/access.log combined\n     ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}\/error.log\n\n      &lt;Directory \/var\/www\/html\/drupal&gt;\n            Options Indexes FollowSymLinks\n            AllowOverride All\n            Require all granted\n            RewriteEngine on\n            RewriteBase \/\n            RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f\n            RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d\n            RewriteRule ^(.*)$ index.php?q=$1 [L,QSA]\n      &lt;\/Directory&gt;\n&lt;\/VirtualHost&gt;<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Save the file then exit from nano editor. To enable the virtual host, let&#8217;s run this command:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">$ sudo a2ensite drupal<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>As you can see in the Apache virtual host above, it contains <strong>RewriteRule<\/strong>. By default, the Apache mod rewrite in Ubuntu is not enabled. So, we need to enable the module and restart Apache.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">$ sudo a2enmod rewrite<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">$ sudo systemctl restart apache2<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">b. nginx<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>If you want to use nginx instead of apache, run this command to install it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">$ sudo apt install nginx<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Now, let&#8217;s create an nginx server block to proceed with Drupal 9 installation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">$ sudo nano \/etc\/nginx\/sites-enabled\/drupal.conf<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Paste the following contents in to the file<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">server {\n    listen 80;\n    \n    root \/var\/www\/html\/drupal;\n\n    index index.php index.html index.htm;\n\n    server_name drupal.rosehosting.com;\n\n    location \/ {\n        try_files $uri $uri\/ \/index.php$is_args$args;\n    }\n\n    location = \/favicon.ico { log_not_found off; access_log off; }\n    location = \/robots.txt { log_not_found off; access_log off; allow all; }\n    location ~* \\.(css|gif|ico|jpeg|jpg|js|png)$ {\n        expires max;\n        log_not_found off;\n    }\n\n    location ~ \\.php$ {\n        try_files $uri =404;\n        fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\\.php)(\/.+)$;\n        fastcgi_pass unix:\/var\/run\/php\/php7.4-fpm.sock;\n        fastcgi_index index.php;\n        fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;\n        include fastcgi_params;\n    }\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Save the file then exit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. Install Database Server<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Drupal 9 requires MariaDB 10.3+ or MySQL\/Percona 5.7.8+ or higher, PostgreSQL 10.0 or higher, SQLite 3.26 or higher, the database server is needed to store your Drupal data. In this step, we will install MariaDB from Ubuntu repository.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Run the following command to install the MariaDB server from the official Ubuntu repositories:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">$ sudo apt install mariadb-server mariadb-client -y<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Once installed, MariaDB will run and it&#8217;s already configured to run after reboot, by default.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Next, secure the MariaDB installation using the following command:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">$ sudo mysql_secure_installation<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>This script will set the MariaDB root password, disable remote root login and remove anonymous users as shown below:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">Enter current password for root (enter for none):<br>Set root password? [Y\/n] Y<br>New password:<br>Re-enter new password:<br>Remove anonymous users? [Y\/n] Y<br>Disallow root login remotely? [Y\/n] Y<br>Remove test database and access to it? [Y\/n] Y<br>Reload privilege tables now? [Y\/n] Y<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. Create a Database<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Login to the MySQL cli as the root user and execute the following commands:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">$ mysql -u root -p<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>You will be prompted for your MySQL root password, you create the password in the previous step. And, once logged in, run these commands.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">mysql> CREATE DATABASE drupal9;\nmysql> CREATE USER 'drupal9_user'@'IP_address' IDENTIFIED BY 'm0d1fyth15';\nmysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON drupal9.* TO 'drupal9_user'@'IP_address';\nmysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;\nmysql> \\q<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Make sure to replace the \u2018IP_address\u2018 is the IP address of your Ubuntu 20.04 server where Drupal 9 will be installed, or you can also use &#8216;localhost&#8217;. Do not forget to replace the PASSWORD &#8216;m0d1fyth15&#8217; with a stronger and unique one.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/drupal9-add-database.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-40235\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5. Install PHP<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>In this section, we will install PHP 7.4. Rung the command below to install PHP 7.4<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">$ sudo apt install php7.4 libapache2-mod-php7.4 php7.4-{common,mbstring,xmlrpc,soap,gd,xml,intl,mysql,cli,zip,curl,fpm} -y<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>If you choose to use Apache, run this command and restart Apache.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">$ sudo a2enmod php7.4<br>$ sudo systemctl restart apache2<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>If you choose nginx, simply restart nginx after installing PHP 7.4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">$ sudo systemctl restart nginx<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">6. Install Drupal 9<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>In this section, we will download and install Drupal 9. At the time of writing this blog post, Drupal 9.3.3 is the latest version, you can check it at their release page at <a href=\"https:\/\/www.drupal.org\/project\/drupal\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.drupal.org\/project\/drupal<\/a>. According to their documentation, this Drupal version 9.3.x will receive security coverage until December 8, 2022.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">$ cd \/var\/www\/html\n$ sudo wget https:\/\/ftp.drupal.org\/files\/projects\/drupal-9.3.3.tar.gz<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Once downloaded, we need to extract the compressed file.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">$ sudo tar xzvf drupal-9.3.3.tar.gz -C \/var\/www\/html\/drupal --strip-components=1<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Then, change the permissions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">$ sudo chown -R www-data. \/var\/www\/html\/drupal<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Navigate to <code>http:\/\/yourdrupaldomain.com<\/code> and initiate the installation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/drupal-install-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-40236\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Choose your desired language then click on the save and continue button.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/drupal-install-2.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-40237\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">In this article, we choose &#8216;Standard&#8217; then continue.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/drupal-install-setup-database.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-40238\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">If everything is okay, you will be brought to this step. If not, you would want to fix the issues shown in the &#8216;Verify requirements&#8217; step. Fill the database details in the provided blank fields then click on save and continue button and wait until the installation finishes.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Once completed, you will be brought to the last step to configure your Drupal website.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/drupal-install-configure-site.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-40239\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Fill the details then click on the save and continue button to finalize the installation. And that&#8217;s it, you will be automatically redirected to your Drupal website&#8217;s backend.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/drupal-installation-finishes-1-1024x601.png?v=1643086209\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-40240\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">7. Install Free SSL Certificate<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>In this modern era, it is recommended to secure your website with an SSL certificate. This is not a mandatory step, but it provides secure connections for your Drupal instance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>First, install the Certbot client in your system to manage the SSL:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">$ apt install python3-certbot-apache python3-certbot-nginx<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Depends on what your webserver is, you can run one of these commands.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">$ sudo certbot --apache<br>$ sudo certbot --nginx<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Follow the steps when installing a free SSL certificate from Let&#8217;s Encrypt. You would see the output similar to this:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">master@ubuntu20:~# sudo certbot --apache\nSaving debug log to \/var\/log\/letsencrypt\/letsencrypt.log\nPlugins selected: Authenticator apache, Installer apache\nEnter email address (used for urgent renewal and security notices) (Enter 'c' to\ncancel): \n\n- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -\nPlease read the Terms of Service at\nhttps:\/\/letsencrypt.org\/documents\/LE-SA-v1.2-November-15-2017.pdf. You must\nagree in order to register with the ACME server at\nhttps:\/\/acme-v02.api.letsencrypt.org\/directory\n- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -\n(A)gree\/(C)ancel: a\nThere seem to be problems with that address. Enter email address (used for\nurgent renewal and security notices)\n\n- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -\nWould you be willing to share your email address with the Electronic Frontier\nFoundation, a founding partner of the Let's Encrypt project and the non-profit\norganization that develops Certbot? We'd like to send you email about our work\nencrypting the web, EFF news, campaigns, and ways to support digital freedom.\n- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -\n(Y)es\/(N)o: n\n\n- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Choose the domain\/subdomain your are installing Drupal 9 for, and certbot will install the SSL certificate for it. You can also choose whether to redirect the HTTP traffic to HTTPS or not.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>That&#8217;s it! You have successfully installed Drupal 9 on your <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/ubuntu-hosting.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Ubuntu 20.04<\/a> machine.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Of course, you don\u2019t have to install <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/drupal-hosting.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Drupal<\/a> 9 on your Ubuntu 20.04 server if you have a server with us, in which case you can simply ask our expert Linux hosting admins to set all of this up for you, quickly and easily. They are available 24\u00d77 and will respond to your request immediately.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>PS. If you liked this post, please share it with your friends on the social networks using the buttons below, or simply leave a comment down in the comments section. Thank you.<\/p><div id=\"linux-111392981\" class=\"linux-after-8th-paragraph linux-entity-placement\" style=\"margin-top: 15px;margin-bottom: 15px;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/managed-vps-hosting\/?mtm_campaign=blogs&#038;mtm_source=lhs&#038;mtm_medium=blog&#038;mtm_content=managed-vps&#038;mtm_cid=1340&#038;mtm_placement=inline\" aria-label=\"Untitled\"><img src=\"https:\/\/linuxhostsupport.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/1340095_VPSGoogleAds_728x90_042622.jpg\" alt=\"\"  srcset=\"https:\/\/linuxhostsupport.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/1340095_VPSGoogleAds_728x90_042622.jpg 728w, https:\/\/linuxhostsupport.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/1340095_VPSGoogleAds_728x90_042622-300x37.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 728px) 100vw, 728px\" width=\"728\" height=\"90\"  style=\"display: inline-block;\" \/><\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Drupal is open-source software that has many features, like easy content authoring, reliable performance, and excellent security. With Drupal tools, you can build the versatile, structured content that dynamic web experiences need. As an open-source web content management system (CMS) written in PHP, it is a great alternative to another CSM like WordPress or Joomla. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1640,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5,2,182],"tags":[88,199,174],"class_list":["post-1639","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-guides","category-tutorials","category-ubuntu","tag-drupal","tag-how-to-install","tag-ubuntu-20-04"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>How To Install Drupal 9 CMS on Ubuntu 20.04 | LinuxHostSupport<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Drupal is open-source software that has many features, like easy content authoring, reliable performance, and excellent security. 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