{"id":1582,"date":"2021-11-15T12:30:00","date_gmt":"2021-11-15T18:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/linuxhostsupport.com\/blog\/?p=1582"},"modified":"2022-05-17T11:07:58","modified_gmt":"2022-05-17T16:07:58","slug":"how-to-install-joomla-4-0-on-ubuntu-20-04","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/linuxhostsupport.com\/blog\/how-to-install-joomla-4-0-on-ubuntu-20-04\/","title":{"rendered":"How to Install Joomla 4.0 on Ubuntu 20.04"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div id=\"linux-4042597226\" class=\"linux-before-1st-paragraph linux-entity-placement\" style=\"margin-top: 15px;margin-bottom: 15px;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/managed-vps-hosting\/?mtm_campaign=blogs&#038;mtm_source=lhs&#038;mtm_medium=blog&#038;mtm_content=managed-vps&#038;mtm_cid=1339&#038;mtm_placement=inline\" aria-label=\"Untitled\"><img src=\"https:\/\/linuxhostsupport.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/1340090_NVMeGoogleAds_728x90_041322.jpg\" alt=\"\"  srcset=\"https:\/\/linuxhostsupport.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/1340090_NVMeGoogleAds_728x90_041322.jpg 728w, https:\/\/linuxhostsupport.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/1340090_NVMeGoogleAds_728x90_041322-300x37.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 728px) 100vw, 728px\" width=\"728\" height=\"90\"  style=\"display: inline-block;\" \/><\/a><\/div><p>Joomla is one of the most popular open-source content management systems (CMS). It is used to publish applications and websites online. It is written in PHP and is commonly configured to use MySQL\/MariaDB databases.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignright size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/linuxhostsupport.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/installing-joomla-4.0-on-ubuntu-20.04.png\" alt=\"installing joomla 4.0 on ubuntu 20.04\" class=\"wp-image-1584\" width=\"124\" height=\"125\" srcset=\"https:\/\/linuxhostsupport.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/installing-joomla-4.0-on-ubuntu-20.04.png 224w, https:\/\/linuxhostsupport.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/installing-joomla-4.0-on-ubuntu-20.04-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/linuxhostsupport.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/installing-joomla-4.0-on-ubuntu-20.04-60x60.png 60w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 124px) 100vw, 124px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>In this tutorial, we will show you how to install Joomla 4.0 on Ubuntu 20.04 server.&nbsp; It should work everywhere but we will do this on one of our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/joomla-hosting.html\">Joomla hosting<\/a> servers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--more-->\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-prerequisites\">Prerequisites:<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2013 A VPS running Ubuntu 20.04<br>\u2013 Administrative sudo user with root privileges<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-step-1-connect-to-your-server\">Step 1: Connect to your Server<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>To connect to your server via SSH as user root, use the following command:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">ssh root@IP_ADDRESS -p PORT_NUMBER<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>and replace \u201cIP_ADDRESS\u201d and \u201cPORT_NUMBER\u201d with your actual server IP address and SSH port number.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Once logged in, make sure that your server is up-to-date by running the following commands:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">sudo apt-get update\nsudo apt-get upgrade<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-step-2-install-apache-web-server-and-php\">Step 2: Install Apache web server and PHP<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Joomla requires a webserver to function. Apache is a fast and secure web server and one of the most popular and widely used web servers in the world. You can install it from the official Ubuntu repositories running the following command:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">sudo apt install apache2<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>After installing Apache, the commands below can be used to <strong>stop<\/strong>, <strong>start<\/strong> and <strong>enable<\/strong> Apache services to always start up every time your server starts up.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">sudo systemctl stop apache2.service\nsudo systemctl start apache2.service\nsudo systemctl enable apache2.service<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>To verify that Apache is running, execute the following command:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">sudo systemctl status apache2<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"750\" height=\"213\" src=\"https:\/\/linuxhostsupport.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/installation-of-joomla-4.0-on-ubuntu-20.04.jpg\" alt=\"installation of joomla 4.0 on ubuntu 20.04\" class=\"wp-image-1586\" srcset=\"https:\/\/linuxhostsupport.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/installation-of-joomla-4.0-on-ubuntu-20.04.jpg 750w, https:\/\/linuxhostsupport.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/installation-of-joomla-4.0-on-ubuntu-20.04-300x85.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Since Joomla is built on PHP, you will need to install PHP as well. You will install PHP and other supporting packages by running the following command:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">sudo apt install php php-common libapache2-mod-php php-cli php-fpm php-mysql php-json php-opcache php-gmp php-curl php-intl php-mbstring php-xmlrpc php-gd php-xml php-zip<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>To verify that PHP is successfully installed, run the following command:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">php -v<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>You should get the following output on your screen:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">PHP 7.4.3 (cli) (built: Aug 13 2021 05:39:12) ( NTS )\nCopyright (c) The PHP Group\nZend Engine v3.4.0, Copyright (c) Zend Technologies\nwith Zend OPcache v7.4.3, Copyright (c), by Zend Technologies<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Once all the packages are installed, we will need to edit the <strong><code>php.ini<\/code><\/strong> file and modify some settings:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">memory_limit = 512M\nupload_max_filesize = 256M\npost_max_size = 256M \nmax_execution_time = 300\noutput_buffering = off\ndate.timezone = America\/Chicago<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-step-3-install-mariadb\">Step 3: Install MariaDB<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Joomla uses MariaDB\/MySQL as a database.&nbsp; To install the MariaDB database server, enter the following command:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">sudo apt install -y mariadb-server mariadb-client<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-secure-your-installation\">Secure your installation<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>When the installation is complete, run the following command to secure your installation:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">mysql_secure_installation<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>This script will set the MariaDB root password, disable remote root login and remove anonymous users as shown below:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">Enter current password for root (enter for none):\nSet root password? [Y\/n] Y\nNew password:\nRe-enter new password:\nRemove anonymous users? [Y\/n] Y\nDisallow root login remotely? [Y\/n] Y\nRemove test database and access to it? [Y\/n] Y\nReload privilege tables now? [Y\/n] Y<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-step-4-create-a-joomla-database\">Step 4: Create a Joomla Database<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Next, you will need to create a database and user for the Joomla installation. First, connect to the MariaDB shell with the following command:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">mysql -u root -p<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Once connected, create a database and user using the following command:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">MariaDB [(none)]&gt; CREATE DATABASE joomla;\nMariaDB [(none)]&gt; GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON joomla.* TO 'joomla'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY  'StrongPassword';\nMariaDB [(none)]&gt; FLUSH PRIVILEGES;\nMariaDB [(none)]&gt; EXIT;<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>At this point, MariaDB is installed and configured for Joomla. You can now proceed to install Joomla.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-step-5-install-joomla\">Step 5: Install Joomla<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Now that you have your environment completely set up, you can proceed with the Joomla installation. At the time of writing this article, the latest version of Joomla is 4.0.3. You can download it from the <a href=\"https:\/\/downloads.joomla.org\/cms\/joomla4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Joomla! 4.0 downloads page<\/a> using the following command:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">wget https:\/\/downloads.joomla.org\/cms\/joomla4\/4-0-3\/Joomla_4-0-3-Stable-Full_Package.zip<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Once the download is completed, unzip the archive and move the extracted files to the <code>\/var\/www\/html\/joomla<\/code> directory, which will be the root directory of your new Joomla site:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">sudo unzip Joomla_4-0-3-Stable-Full_Package.zip -d \/var\/www\/html\/joomla\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Finally, change the ownership of the <code>\/var\/www\/html\/joomla<\/code> directory to the&nbsp;<code>www-data<\/code>&nbsp;user:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">sudo chown -R www-data: \/var\/www\/html\/joomla<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-step-6-configure-apache-for-joomla\">Step 6: Configure Apache for Joomla<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Next, you will need to create an Apache virtual host configuration file for the Joomla installation. You can create it with the following command:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">nano \/etc\/apache2\/sites-available\/joomla.conf<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Add the following lines:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">&lt;VirtualHost *:80&gt;\n     ServerAdmin admin@your_domain.com\n     DocumentRoot \/var\/www\/html\/joomla\/\n     ServerName your_domain.com\n     ServerAlias www.your_domain.com\n\n     &lt;Directory \/var\/www\/html\/joomla\/&gt;\n          Options FollowSymlinks\n          AllowOverride All\n          Require all granted\n     &lt;\/Directory&gt;\n\n     ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}\/error.log\n     CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}\/access.log combined\n&lt;\/VirtualHost&gt;\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Save and close the file then activate the Joomla virtual host with the following command:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">a2ensite joomla.conf\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Next, restart the Apache service to apply the changes:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">systemctl restart apache2<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Open <code>http:\/\/your_domain.com<\/code> in your favorite web browser and follow the on-screen instructions to complete the Joomla installation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"480\" src=\"https:\/\/linuxhostsupport.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/how-to-set-up-joomla-4.0-on-ubuntu-20.04.jpg\" alt=\"how to set up joomla 4.0 on ubuntu 20.04\" class=\"wp-image-1587\" srcset=\"https:\/\/linuxhostsupport.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/how-to-set-up-joomla-4.0-on-ubuntu-20.04.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/linuxhostsupport.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/how-to-set-up-joomla-4.0-on-ubuntu-20.04-300x141.jpg 300w, https:\/\/linuxhostsupport.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/how-to-set-up-joomla-4.0-on-ubuntu-20.04-768x360.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Select your language and enter your site name.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"478\" src=\"https:\/\/linuxhostsupport.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/setting-up-joomla-4.0-on-ubuntu-20.04.jpg\" alt=\"setting up joomla 4.0 on ubuntu 20.04\" class=\"wp-image-1588\" srcset=\"https:\/\/linuxhostsupport.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/setting-up-joomla-4.0-on-ubuntu-20.04.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/linuxhostsupport.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/setting-up-joomla-4.0-on-ubuntu-20.04-300x140.jpg 300w, https:\/\/linuxhostsupport.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/setting-up-joomla-4.0-on-ubuntu-20.04-768x359.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Insert username and password for your Joomla 4.0 administration account.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Note:<\/strong> Passwords must have at least 12 characters.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"483\" src=\"https:\/\/linuxhostsupport.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/how-to-configure-joomla-4.0-on-ubuntu-20.04.jpg\" alt=\"how to configure joomla 4.0 on ubuntu 20.04\" class=\"wp-image-1589\" srcset=\"https:\/\/linuxhostsupport.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/how-to-configure-joomla-4.0-on-ubuntu-20.04.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/linuxhostsupport.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/how-to-configure-joomla-4.0-on-ubuntu-20.04-300x142.jpg 300w, https:\/\/linuxhostsupport.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/how-to-configure-joomla-4.0-on-ubuntu-20.04-768x362.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Set the databases configuration credentials as created previously.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"480\" src=\"https:\/\/linuxhostsupport.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/configuring-joomla-4.0-on-ubuntu-20.04.jpg\" alt=\"configuring joomla 4.0 on ubuntu 20.04\" class=\"wp-image-1590\" srcset=\"https:\/\/linuxhostsupport.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/configuring-joomla-4.0-on-ubuntu-20.04.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/linuxhostsupport.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/configuring-joomla-4.0-on-ubuntu-20.04-300x141.jpg 300w, https:\/\/linuxhostsupport.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/configuring-joomla-4.0-on-ubuntu-20.04-768x360.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Click on <code>Complete &amp; Open Site<\/code> to visit the Joomla 4.0 front page<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"480\" src=\"https:\/\/linuxhostsupport.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/configuration-of-joomla-4.0-on-ubuntu-20.04.jpg\" alt=\"configuration of joomla 4.0 on ubuntu 20.04\" class=\"wp-image-1591\" srcset=\"https:\/\/linuxhostsupport.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/configuration-of-joomla-4.0-on-ubuntu-20.04.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/linuxhostsupport.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/configuration-of-joomla-4.0-on-ubuntu-20.04-300x141.jpg 300w, https:\/\/linuxhostsupport.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/configuration-of-joomla-4.0-on-ubuntu-20.04-768x360.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>or hit <code>Complete &amp; Open Admin<\/code> to visit the Joomla 4.0 administration back-end.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"482\" src=\"https:\/\/linuxhostsupport.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/installing-and-setting-up-joomla-4.0-on-ubuntu-20.04.jpg\" alt=\"installing and setting up joomla 4.0 on ubuntu 20.04\" class=\"wp-image-1592\" srcset=\"https:\/\/linuxhostsupport.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/installing-and-setting-up-joomla-4.0-on-ubuntu-20.04.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/linuxhostsupport.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/installing-and-setting-up-joomla-4.0-on-ubuntu-20.04-300x141.jpg 300w, https:\/\/linuxhostsupport.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/installing-and-setting-up-joomla-4.0-on-ubuntu-20.04-768x362.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Use your administrator credentials created during the Joomla 4.0 installation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"486\" src=\"https:\/\/linuxhostsupport.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/installation-and-configuring-of-joomla-4.0-on-ubuntu-20.04.jpg\" alt=\"installation and configuring of joomla 4.0 on ubuntu 20.04\" class=\"wp-image-1593\" srcset=\"https:\/\/linuxhostsupport.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/installation-and-configuring-of-joomla-4.0-on-ubuntu-20.04.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/linuxhostsupport.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/installation-and-configuring-of-joomla-4.0-on-ubuntu-20.04-300x142.jpg 300w, https:\/\/linuxhostsupport.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/installation-and-configuring-of-joomla-4.0-on-ubuntu-20.04-768x365.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>That\u2019s it. You have successfully installed Joomla 4.0 on Ubuntu 20.04. For more information about how to manage your Joomla installation, please refer to the official <a href=\"https:\/\/docs.joomla.org\">Joomla documentation.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>Of course, you don\u2019t have to install Joomla 4.0 on Ubuntu 20.04, if you use one of our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/managed-vps-hosting.html\">managed VPS hosting services<\/a>, in which case you can simply ask our expert Linux admins to set up this for you. They are available 24\u00d77 and will take care of your request immediately.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>PS<\/strong>. If you liked this post on how to install Joomla 4.0 on Ubuntu 20.04, please share it with your friends on the social networks using the buttons on the left or simply leave a reply below. Thanks.<\/p><div id=\"linux-4101617870\" class=\"linux-after-8th-paragraph linux-entity-placement\" style=\"margin-top: 15px;margin-bottom: 15px;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/managed-vps-hosting\/?mtm_campaign=blogs&#038;mtm_source=lhs&#038;mtm_medium=blog&#038;mtm_content=managed-vps&#038;mtm_cid=1340&#038;mtm_placement=inline\" aria-label=\"Untitled\"><img src=\"https:\/\/linuxhostsupport.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/1340095_VPSGoogleAds_728x90_042622.jpg\" alt=\"\"  srcset=\"https:\/\/linuxhostsupport.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/1340095_VPSGoogleAds_728x90_042622.jpg 728w, https:\/\/linuxhostsupport.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/1340095_VPSGoogleAds_728x90_042622-300x37.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 728px) 100vw, 728px\" width=\"728\" height=\"90\"  style=\"display: inline-block;\" \/><\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Joomla is one of the most popular open-source content management systems (CMS). It is used to publish applications and websites online. It is written in PHP and is commonly configured to use MySQL\/MariaDB databases. In this tutorial, we will show you how to install Joomla 4.0 on Ubuntu 20.04 server.&nbsp; It should work everywhere but [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1583,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2,182],"tags":[199,208,174],"class_list":["post-1582","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tutorials","category-ubuntu","tag-how-to-install","tag-joomla-4-0","tag-ubuntu-20-04"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>How to Install Joomla 4.0 on Ubuntu 20.04 | LinuxHostSupport<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"In the following tutorial, you will find out how to install Joomla 4.0 on Ubuntu 20.04 in a few easy steps.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, 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